Introduction: Each year more than 400000 new pediatric cancer cases are expected in children and adolescents aged 0-14 globally. The first step to improve the survival rates is the establishment of the pediatric cancer registry in all regions. The results of the 16 years of the pediatric cancer registry from Turkey is presented here.

Methodology: Turkish Pediatric Oncology Group and Turkish Pediatric Hematology Association established the pediatric cancer registry in 2002. The childhood cancer cases registered between 2009-2024 were included. The International Childhood Cancer Classification System was used for the classification. Essential demographic findings, ICD-O-3 morphology and topography codes were recorded for each case.

Results: During the 16 years from 2009 to 2024, 39724 cases were registered. For all cases, median age was 6.8 year (0-19; M/F 22274/17436, 7 hermaphrodit, 7 unknown). Age distribution was 0-4 yrs, 40.2%; 5-9 yrs, 24.0%; 10-14 yrs, 23.2%; 15-19 yrs, 12.6%) The distribution of the tumor types were [number of cases, percentage of total, median age yrs, M/F]: Leukemia (10946, 27.6%, 5.6, 6440/4506); Lymphoma & other RES tumors (6777, 17.1%, 10.0, 4476/2299, 2 unknown); CNS [brain & spinal] (5928, 14.9%, 7.0, 3285/2642, 1 unknown); Symphatetic system (3000, 7.6%, 2.4, 1548/1451, 1 hermaphrodite); Retinoblastoma (1143, 2.9%, 1.4, 620/523); Renal (1731, 4.4%, 3.1, 844/884, 2 hermaphrodite & 1 unknown); Liver (576, 1.5%, 2.2, 336/240); Malignant bone (2530, 6.4%, 12.7, 1413/1117); Soft tissue sarcomas (2989, 7.5%, 7.7, 1651/1338); Germ cell (2454, 6.2%, 10.2, 884/1563, 4 hermaphrodite, 3 unknown); Carcinoma& other malignant epithelial (1352, 3.4%, 13.5, 631/721); Other/non-specific malignant (298, 0.8%, 7.8, 146/152). Five-year survival rate was found as 72.3%.

Conclusion: The survival rates have been improved to 70% which is comparable for middle income countries and reflects the level of the pediatric cancer care in Turkey. It became a valuable source for stakeholders in national and international level.